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This report presents new research on violations of international labour standards in Walmart garment supplier factories. Information was collected through interviews and focus group discussions including 344 workers engaged in Walmart supply chains in Bangladesh, Cambodia and India; and an in-depth case study, spanning 8 months, of working conditions in an Indonesian Walmart supplier employing 3,800 Indonesian contract workers.
Section one provides a brief overview of global production networks in general and the garment global production network in particular. Section two reviews Walmart’s public commitments to promoting decent work in their supply chains and the efficacy of these initiatives to date. Section three provides a brief overview of the market share of Asian garment value chains and more focused country profiles on the Bangladeshi, Cambodian, Indian and Indonesian garment industries. Section four discusses, in detail, the intensive labour exploitation and abuse faced by workers in Walmart supply chains in Bangladesh, Cambodia, India and Indonesia.

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Gap currently operates 3,300 stores and employs more than 150,000 employees across their global production network. Brands like Gap wield the potential to transform working conditions through their supply chains. Gap has not, however, committed to ensuring a living wage for workers beyond U.S. employees and fails to disclose their suppliers […]
Rather than upholding rights and work for garment workers overseas, Gap maintains high pressure sourcing models within the garment global production network that create overwhelming incentives for factories to reduce costs and speed production by ignoring labour standards.
Section one provides a brief overview of global production networks in general and the garment global production network in particular. Section two reviews Gap public commitments to promoting decent work in their supply chains, including through the Gap Code of Conduct and partnership programs. Where possible, it includes discussions and research on the efficacy of these initiatives to date. Section three provides a brief overview of the market share of Asian garment value chains and more focused country profiles on the Cambodian, Indian and Indonesian garment industries. Section four discusses, in detail, the intensive labour exploitation and abuse faced by workers in Gap supply chains in Cambodia, India and Indonesia.

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H&M operates in 61 markets with 3,900 stores; works with 900 suppliers representing 1,900 factories; and employs more than 116,000 employees across their global production network. H&M saw sales rise globally in 2015 and plans to open 425 new stores in 2016. Brands like H&M wield the potential to transform working conditions through their supply chains. Recognizing their responsibility to uphold human rights at work, H&M has set themselves apart from other brands by committing to ensure fair living wages, safe workplaces and accountability for rights violations within their supply chains.
[…] this report revisits the status of H&M’s commitments to decent work through the lens of rights at work as they are protected under International Labour Organization (ILO) conventions and other instruments.
Shedding light on gaps in implementation of H&M commitments, violations of international labour standards and challenges H&M may face in upholding commitments to decent work, this report contributes new research collected through interviews with 251 workers in Cambodia and India engaged in H&M supply chains. These recent findings, collected between August and October 2015, are situated in context of both previous studies on H&M supply chains in Cambodia and India and the broader context of the global production network.

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Das Länderprofil gibt einen Überblick über die Bekleidungs- und Schuhindustrie in Albanien. Es geht auf die geschichtliche Entwicklung der Bekleidungs- und Schuhindustrie sowie Arbeitsrechtsverletzungen ein. Insbesondere werden – auf Grundlage von Interviews mit Arbeiter_innen – die Löhne und gewerkschaftliche Organisierung thematisiert. Insbesondere werden die Löhne der Bekleidungsindustrie Existenzlöhnen gegenübergestellt. Es werden Fallbeispiele geschildert und Forderung zur Verbesserung der Situation formuliert.

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Supply chains refer, step by step, to the activities followed from conception to final use to bring a product to market. Supply chains play a vital role in the commerce sector in bringing the products wanted by customers to retailers’ shelves. The commerce sector comprises an important part of the world economy and is highly globalized.

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