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The Triple Absence of Labour Rights: Triangular Labour Relations and Informalisation in the Construction and Garment Sectors in Delhi and Shanghai

This paper focuses on work organised through intermediaries, often labelled labour agencies or labour contractors. The steep increase of such work is a concern for international labour union such as ITUC and IndustryALL. Labour subcontractors ‘sever the direct employment relationship’ and create ‘indirect’ or ‘triangular’ labour relations which ‘reduce or eliminate’ the end-employer’s ‘legal responsibilities to the workers; it is a ‘triangular trap’. These conditions cheapen labour and curtail workers’ rights, compared to those of workers employed in formalised labour relations.

Scope: 30 pages
Reference: free of charge for download